UNIT 1: LEISURE ACTIVITIES

I-TỪ VỰNG

II. GRAMMAR:

A. COMPLEX SENTENCES:

1. Adverb Clause of Time: Adverb clauses of time are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions whenever, while, after, before, since, as, etc.

When you have finished your work you may leave.

Don’t talk loud while she is singing.

As soon as he heard the news he wrote to me.

No sooner did he see us than he disappeared

2. Adverb Clause of Place: Adverb Clauses of Place are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions where and whereas,

I have put it where I can find again.

They can stay where they are.

3. Adverb Clause of Purpose: Adverb clauses of purpose are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions so that, in order that, and lest.

I will give you a map so that you can find the way.

We eat so that we may live.

4. Adverb Clause of Cause or Reason: Adverb clauses of cause or reason are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions because, as, since, that.

I am glad that you like it.

Since you are so clever you will be able to explain this.

Because I like you, I shall help you.

5. Adverb Clause of Condition:

+ Adverb clauses of condition are introduced by the subordinating conjunctions if, whether, unless.

If it rains we shall stay at home.

Unless you work harder you will fail.

+ Sometimes the subordinating conjunction is omitted in adverb clauses of condition; as,

Had I not seen this from my own eyes I would not have believed it.

Were an angel to tell me such a thing of you, I would not believe it.

What would you answer did I ask you such a question?

+ Adverb clauses of condition are sometimes introduced by a relative pronoun, or adjective, or adverb (without any antecedent); as,

Whichever road we take we shall be too late.

6. Adverb Clause of Result: Adverb clauses of result or consequence are introduced by the subordinating conjunction that. Frequently so or such precedes it in the principal clause.

He is such a good man that all respect him.

The Romans built in such a way that their walls are still standing.

7. Adverb Clause of Comparison : Adverb clauses of comparison of degree are introduced by the subordinating conjunction than, or by the relative adverb as; as,

He is older than he looks.

He is as stupid as he is lazy

He is not so clever as you think.

8. Adverb Clauses of Supposition or Concession: Adverb Clauses Supposition or Concession are introduced by the Subordinating Conjunctions though, although, even if.

Though I am poor I am honest.

Although troops had marched all day they fought bravely all night.

Even if he is old he is able to do a great deal of work.

I would not do it even if you paid me.

B. PHRASAL VERBS:

1. set up: khởi nghiệp, xây dựng sự nghiệp	16. bring out: = publish : xuất bản
2. bring out: xuất bản, phát hành	17. Look through: nhìn
3. look through: đọc	18. Keep up with = stay equal with : theo kịp
4. keep up with: bắt kịp với	19. Run out of = short of: cạn kiệt, hết
5. run out of: hết	20. Pass down: phá sản, phá vỡ
6. pass down: chuyển giao	21. Live on: sống nhờ vào
7. close down: đóng cửa, dừng (kinh doanh)	22. Deal with : giải quyết
8. get on with: thân thiết với	23. Look over: xem xét, kiểm tra
9. turn down: phản đối, từ chối	24: face up to (with) = deal with : đồng ý, đối mặt
10. set off: khởi hành	25. Turn down: phản đối, từ chối
11. pass down: chuyển giao	26. split up: vỡ ra, tách ra
12. turn up: xuất hiện, đến	27. rustle up: vội vàng, hối hả
13. work out: kết thúc	28. tuck into: ăn ngon lành
14. take over: đảm đương, đảm nhận	29: put off: trì hoãn
15: find out: tìm thông tin	30: get on (well) with: có mối quan hệ tốt với

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